Air conditioning, ventilation, and heating are an advanced technology of vehicular and indoor environmental control. Its purpose is to offer suitable indoor air quality and thermal comfort for the occupants of the building or work place. Air conditioning systems are used for a variety of reasons, such as to save energy, minimize the negative impact on health, prevent or reduce the spread of disease, and improve productivity. It is an indispensable part of any modern establishment and plays a major role in many daily activities.
An air conditioning system draws the warm air from the outdoors and replaces it with cool air inside the building. The process of thermodynamics provides the energy that drives this change. The most important benefit of air conditioning systems is the coolness of the indoor air. This is achieved through several layers of specialized equipment. The first layer, the evaporator, draws hot air from the outdoors and transfers it into the indoor room.
The second layer, the condenser, converts the liquid refrigerant into a gas form. Since the refrigerant is now in a different form, the third and final layer is used as the thermostat, which controls the temperature of the air conditioning system. In the absence of the thermostat, the device will operate in its regular temperature cycle, with the room temperature rising gradually as cool air enters from the outer vents.
In order to store the incoming cool liquid refrigerant, compressor units are needed. A compressor distributes the cool liquid refrigerant among the different parts of the air conditioning system through lines that are connected to individual compressor units. In the past, the compressor was a closed circuit appliance that relied on the expansion and contraction of the refrigerant gas produced by the evaporator to provide cooling. Today, most compressors use a continuous positive displacement (CCD) flow control mechanism that allows them to compensate for the natural passage of gas molecules between the evaporator and the compressor.
A final classification based on the way they operate is the conditioner load distribution. This class refers to the total number of appliances that an air conditioning system can support. The conditioner load distribution affects the amount of power required to cool down the entire system. Some conditioners can be cooled by one or two central cooling units, while others can support three or more.
The classification of the evaporator is also based on the way they operate. Air conditioners can be classified according to the arrangement and structure of the evaporator. The three basic types of evaporators are the absorber, concentrator, and disc type. An absorber-type evaporator is one that has a single pipe or evaporator section, while a concentrator-type is one that has a number of evaporator sections and an evaporator assembly. The disc type is the least common and the most expensive of all types.